Combined nut and pipe wrench.



W. S. UPSON.

COMBINED NUT AND PIPE WRENCH.

APPLICATIQN FILED N 0V. I3, 1916.

Patented Feb. 6, 1917.

WILBUB S. UPSON, OF MANSFIELD, OHIO.

COMBINED NUT AND PIPE WRENCH.

Application filed November 13, 1916.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, NILBUR S. UrsoN, a citizen of the United States of America, residing at Mansfield, in the county of Richland and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Combined Nut and Pipe Wrenches, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to a type of wrench known as a combined nut and pipe wrench.

It is well known that in the use and operation of a type of wrench designated as a monkey wrench, that a movable jaw is adjusted with respect to the stationary jaw by means of an ordinary screw which engages a movable aw, and that in performing said operation considerable time is lost in adjusting the movable jaw to fit various sizes of nuts, bolts and the like.

The primary object of the invention, therefore, is to provide means of quickly and rapidly adjusting the movable jaw to fit a nut, pipe, bolt or the like of any size (within certain limitations) without the necessity of continually imparting movement to the screw through the medium of a threaded connection or the like.

Another object of the present invention is to provide means of rapidly disengaging the operative mechanism of the movable jaw from the shank of the stationary jaw, and to permit the movable jaw to be withdrawn from the shank of the stationary jaw to permit the movable jaw to be reversed or turned over and again slidably engaged with the shank of the stationary jaw, presenting a differently formed face toward the stationary jaw, so as to provide a combined nut and pipe wrench in a unitary structure.

The preferable form of the present invention consists primarily in providing a worm cog screw that is mounted upon a spindle that is pivoted to be engaged and disengaged from a series of cog teeth formed on the shank of the stationary jaw so as to permit of a sliding or screw adjustable movement (as desired) of the movable jaw to fit nuts, bolts and pipes or the like of various sizes, said slidable adjustments be ing made rapidly and quickly without making it necessary to perform the tedious op- Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. e, rear.

Serial No. 130,972.

eration of adjusting the movable jaw by a screw, except for minute adjustments.

These and other objects are attained by the mechanism illustrated in the accompanying drawing in which:

Figure 1 is a side elevation of the wrench showing my invention applied thereto with a worm cog screw engaged with the cog teeth formed on the shank of the stationary jaw in full lines and disengaged therefrom in dotted lines.

Fig. 2 is an edge view of F 1 looking toward the worm cog screw and the series of cog teeth formed on the shank of the stationary jaw.

Fig. 3 is a cross section taken on the line X-X of Fig. 2.

Fig. f is a side elevation of a species form of Fig. 1, showing a worm cog screw in mesh with a series of cog teeth formed on the shank of the stationary jaw in full lines and disengaged therefrom in dotted lines.

Fig. 5 an edge view of Fig. l looking toward the exteriorly threaded nut and the lever upon which it is mounted.

In the drawings (referring now to Figs. 1, 2, and 3) reference numeral 1 represents a stationary jaw, 2 the shankthereof, and 3 a series of worm cog teeth preferably formed on the rear portion of the shank. The part 4 of the shank is preferably made rectangular and is adapted to fit a similar shaped aperture formed in the movable jaw 5, so as to permit the movable jaw to he slidably moved to and from the stationary jaw without permitting it to turn or rotate upon the shank 2 of the stationary jaw.

The movable jaw has one side or face 6 made to correspond with the face 7 of the stationary jaw, which is used and adapted to manipulate nuts, bolts and the like. The other side of the jaw 5 is tapered and provided with a series of alligator teeth 7 which are adapted to be used when it is desired to use the wrench for the purpose of manipulating tubes, rods, pipes and the like, which are circular in form rather than rectangular.

' The movable jaw 5 is provided with ears 8, 9 and 10 which extend rearwardly beyond the rear edge of the stationary shank Q, and

alined slots 11 are formed therein. A pin 12 is secured to the central ear 9 crossing the slot at right angles and its end is spaced apart from the bottom of the slot 11. One end of aspindle 13 is pivotally attached to the pin 12, so as to permit it to be pivoted to rest or be supported in either of the slots 11 formed in the ears 8 and 10.

A worm cog screw 14: is rotatably mounted upon the spindle 13, and it is adapted when in its normal position, to engage the series of cog teeth 3. The end 15 of the spindle 13 is made of such a length as to permit it to extend beyond the ears 8 and 10 to provide a knob or handle to permit the operator to grasp same and pivot the spindle, to permit the end thereof to rest in either of the slots 11 formed in either of the ears 8 or 10. When the worm cog screw 14 is in mesh with the worm cog teeth 3, the spindle 13 is yieldingly held in its normal position by pins 16, which are mounted on leaf springs 17 that are attached as indicated at 18 to the ears 8 and 10. The pins pass through apertures 19 formed in the cars which are made considerably larger than the pins 16 to permit movement of the pins 16 in said apertures 19.

When it is desired to pivot the spindle the operator grasps the end 15 of the spindle and forces it to counteract the tension of the 7 spring 17 through the medium of the pin 16, thereby permitting the spindle 13 to pass out of the slots 11 without obstruction other than the friction of the end 15 of the spindle against the end of the pin 16. The same operation takes place when the spindle is pivoted so as to permit it to rest or be supported in either of the oppositely alined slots which are formed in the ears.

If desired a handle 20 may be attached to the end 15 of.the spindle 13 by means of which the spindle can be pivoted and the worm screws held in mesh when the wrench is being operated to perform its functions. This handle, however, is wholly unnecessary but can be used therewith if desired. When the movable jaw is assembled as shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, it is designed to be used for manipulation of nuts, bolt-s and the like, and the spindle rests in the slot 11 formed in the ear 10, the spindle 13 being yieldingly held therein by the end of the pin 16 which contacts therewith.

When, however, it is desired to use the wrench for the manipulation of pipes, tubes and the like the movable jaw is withdrawn from the stationary shank 2, turned upside down and the shank is then inserted again into the aperture formed therein presenting the alligator teeth 7 to the face 7 of the stationary jaw. At the same time the spindle 13 is pivoted forcing the end 15 to rest in' the slot 11 of the ear 8, which permits the worm cog screw to present the fiat side 21 of the worm .to the flat side of the cog teeth 22 in each case, thereby preventing it from being displaced when leverage is exerted upon the movable jaw when it is used either as a pipe wrench or a nut wrench.

The above describes the operation and construction of the preferred form of wrench by means of which I accomplish the objects set out herein.

In Figs. 4 and 5 I have shown a modified form'of wrench which I will now describe. The stationary jaw 1, shank 2, rectangular portion 4: and series of cog teeth 3 are substantially the same as those shown in Fig. 1. The movable jaw a, however,'is perferably made in the form shown having one face I; formed to manipulate nuts and the like and its opposite face 0 tapered and provided with alligator teeth to be used for the manipulation of tubes, pipes and the like.

The movable jaw a is provided with a rectangular aperture to slidably receive the rectangular portion 4: of the stationary shank. Ears (Z and e are formed integral with or provided on the rear portion of the jaw a leaving a slot f therebetween. A lever handle 9 is provided having a reduced portion it formed on one end which is adapted to fit the slot f.

The reduced portion h is adapted to be pivotally connected to a pin i which permits the end of the lever g to be pivoted within the slot as shown in full and dotted lines in Figs. 4; and 5. An exteriorly thread ed nut j is mounted upon the reduced portion 72. of the lever g and is adapted to be rotated between the shoulder of the lever and the faces L of the ears e and (Z, thereby holding the screw in its proper position. The operation of the type of wrench shown in Figs. 4 and 5 which is a species of the type shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3 is as follows Then it is desired to use the wrench for the manipulation of nuts and the like it is assembled as'shown in Fig. 4 in full lines. When, however, it is desired to use it for the manipulation of pipes, tubes and the like or any other article having a round surface, the movable j aw a is withdrawn from the shank 2 and the jaw a is pivoted and turned upside down upon the pin 2' so that the opposite face 0 will be turned upward and then the stationary shank is slidably engaged with the aperture formed in the movable jaw presenting the series of alligator teeth to the face of the stationary aw.

When it is desired to adjust the movable jaws of the type to fit various sizes of nuts,

' bolts, pipes, tubes and the like the lever g or spindle 13 is manipulated to the position shown in dotted lines disengaging the nutj or worm eog screw 14 from the series of teeth 3. When this adjustment is made and more minute adjustment is desired it emma can be made by rotating the nut j, or the worm cog screw 1%. In the type shown in Figs. 1 and 5 when the wrench is being used for the purpose intended the operator grasps the shan 2, and the lever 9 together and while the leverage is being exerted to manipulate nuts, bolts and the like, at the same time the lever is forcing the screw 7' in mesh with the cog teeth 8.

The cog teeth 3 and worm cog screw 1% are preferably knurled as shown at 23 and 23L to present roughened surface to create more friction between the parts. Attention is called to the fact that the spring in eX- erting a pressure upon the spindle performs a dual function, that is, it yieldingly forces the worm cog screw to mesh with the cog teeth, and it at the same time forces and keeps the worm cog screw and cog teeth constantly in frictional contact with each other, thereby preventing the worm cog screw from turning and changing the adjustment of the movable jaw.

I claim j 1. In a wrench comprising a stationary jaw having a shank which is provided with a series of teeth, a reversible and movable jaw slidably fitted to said shank, ears pro vided on said movable jaw having alined slots formed therein, a pin secured to one of said ears, a spindle pivotally connected to said pin, which is adapted to be turned on said pin through an angle of one hundred and eighty degrees to permit cooperation of the adjusting means with the teeth of the shank when either face of the movable jaw is reversed to co-act with the stationary jaw, and means mountedon said spindle, which is adapted to mesh with the teeth on the shank to impart movement to the movable jaw.

2. In a wrench comprising a stationary jaw having a shank which is provided with a series of teeth, a reversible and movable jaw slidably fitted to said shank, ears provided on said movable jaw having alined slots formed therein, a pin secured to one of said ears, a spindle pivotally connected to said pin, which is adapted to be turned on said pin through an angle of one hundred and eighty degrees to permit cotiperation of the adjusting means with the teeth of the shank when either face of the movable jaw is reversed to co-act with the stationary jaw, means mounted on said spindle, which is adapted to mesh with the teeth on the shank to impart movement to the movable jaw, and yielding means to eXert a pressure upon said spindle.

3. In a wrench, a stationary jaw pro vided with a shank having a series of cog teeth formed thereon, a movable and reversible jaw slidably fitted to said shank, a lever provided with a reduced portion which is pivotally attached to the movable jaw, which is adapted to be turned on said pin through an angle of one hundred and eighty degrees to permit cooperation of the adjusting means with the teeth of the shank when either face of the movable jaw is re versed to co-act with the stationary aw, an exterior-1y threaded nut rotatably mounted on said reduced portion of the lever and adapted to mesh with the series of cog teeth to impart movement to the movable jaw and arranged to be disengaged therefrom for rapid adjustment when the lever is pivoted.

1-. In a wrench, a stationary aw having a shank which'is provided with a series of cog teeth, a removable and reversible jaw slidably fitted to said shank, actuating means which is adapted to be turned to pivot through an angle of one hundred and eighty degrees to permit cooperation of the actuating means with the teeth of the shank when either face of the movable aw is reversed to co-act with the stationary jaw, pivoted to the movable jaw and which is adapted to normally engage the cog teeth of the shank to impart a screw adjustment to the mo *able jaw and which is adapted to be pivoted to be disengaged from the cog teeth to permit of sliding movement of the movable jaw.

5. In a wrench, a stationary jaw having a shank which is provided with a series of cog teeth, a removable and reversible jaw slidably fitted to said shank, actuating means which is adapted to be turned to pivot through an angle of one hundred and eighty degrees to permit cooperation of the actuati ing means with the teeth of the shank when either face of the movable jaw is reversed to co-act with the stationary aw, and which is pivoted to the movable aw and adapted to normally engage the cog teeth of the shank to impart a screw adjustment to the movable jaw and adapted to be pivoted to be disengaged from the cog teeth to permit of sliding movement of the movable jaw, and yielding means to normally maintain the pivoted actuating means in mesh with the cog teeth and to maintain frictional contact therebetween to prevent movement of the actuating means under normal conditions.

6. In a wrench, comprising a stationary jaw having a shank provided with a series of cog teeth, formed flat on one side and tapered on the other, a movable and reversible jaw slidably fitted to said shank, ears provided on said movable jaw spaced apart from each other and having alined slots formed therein, a pin secured to one of said ears, a spindle pivotally connected to said pin, which is adapted to be turned on said pin through an angle of one hundred and eighty degrees, a worm cog screw having its thread formed flat on one side and tapered on the other, loosely mounted on said spindle; said spindle being adapted to be pivoted to permit its free end to rest in pil the slot formed in one of the ears, that is spaced apart from the ear to which it is pivoted.

7. In a wrench, comprising a stationary jaw having a shank provided with a series of cog teeth formed flat on one side and tapered on the other, a movable and reversible jaw slidably fitted to said shank, ears provided on said movable jaw spaced apart from each other and having alined slots formed therein, a pin secured to one of said cars, a spindle pivotally connected to said pin, which is adapted to be turned on said pin through an angle of one hundred and eighty degrees, a worm cog screw having its a thread formed flat on one side and tapered on the other loosely mounted on said spindle; said spindle being adapted to be pivoted to permit its free end to rest in the slot formed in one of the ears that is spaced apart from the ear to which it is pivoted, and yielding means contacting with the free end of the spindle to normally maintain the worm cog screw in mesh with the cog teeth.

8. In a wrench comprising a stationary jaw having a shank provided with a series of cog teeth formed flat on one side and tapered on the other, a movable and reversible jaw slidably fitted to said shank, ears provided on said movable aw and spaced apart from each other and having alined slots formed therein, a pin secured to one of said ears, a spindle pivotally connected to said pin, which is adapted to be turned on said pin through an angle of one hundred and eighty degrees, a worm cog screw having its thread formed flat on one side and tapered on the other loosely mounted on said spindle; said spindle being adapted to be pivoted to permit its free end to rest in the slot formed in one of the ears that is spaced apart from the ear to which it is pivoted, and yielding means contacting with the free end of the spindle to normally maintain the Worm cog screw in mesh with the cog teeth, said means also exerting a pressure upon the spindle to force the worm cog screw and cog teeth in frictional contact with each other thereby automatically taking up the wear of the parts and preventing movement of the worm cog screw except when actuated by the user.

9. In a combined nut and pipe wrench, the combination of a stationary jaw provided with a shank having a series of teeth formed thereon, a movable and reversible jaw, actuating means which is adapted to pivot through an angle of one hundred and eighty degrees to permit cooperation of said actuating means with the teeth of the shank when either face of the movable jaw is reversed to co-act with the stationary jaw, and which is secured to the movable jaw to cooperate with the teeth provided on the shank to impart screw adjustment to the movable jaw; said means also being adapted to be withdrawn from engagement with the teeth formed on the shank to permit sliding movement of the movable jaw for adjusting purposes.

10. In a combined nut and pipe'wrench, the combination of a stationary jaw provided with a shank having a series of teeth formed thereon, a movable and reversible jaw, actuating means which is adapted to pivot through an angle of one hundred and eighty degrees, and which is secured to the movable jaw to cooperate with the teeth provided on the shank to impart screw adjustment to the movable jaw; said means also being adapted to be withdrawn from engagement with the teeth formed on the shank to permit sliding movement of the movable jaw for rapid adjusting purposes, and yielding means to maintain the actuating means in frictional contact with the teeth on the shank under normal conditions.

In. testimony whereof I affix my signature.v

WILBUR S. UPSON.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. G. 

